Inertia - Science for You

Black Holes are always considered as reapers of life. So, here's a twist! LIFE AROUND A BLACK HOLE! Black Hole A black hole is a point in space-time fabric with extremely high density. The gravitational pull of a black hole isa so high that not even light can  escape its gravity.  AGN - Active Galactic Nucleus Simply, the nucleus or centre of an active galaxy.  This galaxy would be having a blacl hole at its centre. Around the black hole would be a disc of stars and gas, spiraling into the black hole, called the accretion disk. Let us see the possibility of life in this accretion disk, powered by the black hole.  Life Around It AGN emit different radiations. UV rays are also emitted. UV rays have the potential to power reactions for prebiotic chemistry. i.e, if prebiotic elements are available,  which are commonly available in and around a star, the UV rays can mediate the reactions between them,  synthesizing the simple biomolecular building blocks. Thus, the ori

Why are Black Holes black? We all know: black holes are black. No light escapes a black hole. But, why?  We come across the answer for this while studying gravitational red shift. Gravitational Red Shift Gravitational red shift is similar to the concept of Doppler red shift, but different. Doppler red shift is a change (lowering) in frequency of a wave due to its velocity. But, gravitational red shift is the lowering of frequency of a wave due to gravitational force in the space-time fabric. The derivation that explains this shift happens o be simple, but we shall leave that for now. At the end of the derivation we conclude that the relative frequency change of a wave (due to gravitational force) equals to GM/c 2 R; where G and c are our familiar constants - Newton's 'G' and the light's 'c', and M and R are the mass and radius of the star respectively. The star here could be the star of any phase - a main sequence star, a super giant or even a

ALBERT EINSTEIN'S BIGGEST BLUNDER Even the great physicist Albert Einstein made an utter foolishness? (He did!) But, the biggest quality of a scientist is to admit his mistakes, right? Pic credits: Ugur Peker, Unsplash THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT When you hear the term, what's your primary guess on that? It's something related to cosmology? Okay, it's something regarding cosmology. It's a constant? Well, again yes, it is a constant; an Albert Einstein Constant. It comes in Einstein law? Uh, what do you mean? Einstein Law? What is that? So, let's get to it. THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY What is the theory of relativity? Everything is relative to one another. There is this Special Theory of Relativity which is regarding the elementary particles and their interactions and the General Theory of Relativity which is regarding the laws of gravitation and the other forces of the universe. The postulates of the Special Theory are: 1.The laws of physic

Hubble's Law - sounds interesting and elegant. But, then what's wrong with it? Well, that's not a law. THE HUBBLE'S LAW " All objects move from each other and the apparent relative velocity is proportional to distance . "   That is the Hubble's Law. Mathematically, Ｖ=ℍ₀ D  This  ℍ₀ is the Hubble's Constant - which is in fact, a non-constant constant. The value changes with time, and the precise value had been a matter of debate for nearly one century. Currently, as per March 2019 the Planck Mission shows the value to be 74.03±1.42% using Hubble Space Telescope observations. The Hubble's Law serves a strong evidence for the big bang theory. Don't know much about the BIG-B ? We'll post an update soon. Hubble and his Assumptions The Hubble's Law serves a basis for most of the modern cosmological concepts and views. But, even this foundational law makes many philosophical assumptions, especially on the unif

BOROPHENE In the last update, I had mentioned about borophene, and now we are here to talk about it. Overview Borophene is the crystalline atomic monolayer of boron. It is a two-dimensional allotrope having a metallic electronic structure and conducts electricity. they have strong covalent two-centre-two-electron bonds and stable electron-deficient multi-centre-two-electron-bonds.  Synthesis *Deposition of elemental boron on a silver (Ag 111) surface under ultra-high vacuum conditions. *Or we have the technique of letting Boron diffuse into Au(111) substrates at high temperatures. It then segregates to the surface and forms borophene islands as it cools. Comparison: Graphene v/s Borophene *More light-weighted than graphene *High flexibility (or rather "record high") *Higher ideal strength than graphene *Higher stiffness to weight ratio than graphene *Superconducivity *Borophene is a better option  for Li ion battery compared to graphene.

GRAPHENE Graphene had been a matter of wonder since 2004 and research studies on its applications and potentials been vigorous since. Graphene claimed unbeatable potentials and capacities. But, now, a fellow competent has arose. With Boron much similar to Carbon, the new attention is towards Borophene, which is the two-dimensional monoatomic layer of Boron, just like Graphene for Carbon. So, before exploring Borophene, we shall now see for Graphene and its applications for energy. Overview Graphene is a two- dimensional single atomic layer of Carbon. It is a good conductor of electricity and very strong that it is planned to be used for space elevators. And the strength of Graphene is that, it is the strongest material in the world! The strength results from the power of the carbon-carbon tetravalent bonds. A good semiconductor, Graphene also stands a candidate for superconductors. Graphene for Energy An Eternal Source of Energy from Graphene Under suitable c